At the time of independence, India had more than 500 states, most of which were extremely small, unviable to function as independent economic entities. By 1950, these states were organised into 28 units, by merging tiny states into larger entities. For instance, in 1948, 30 princely states occupying a combined territory of 27,000 sq km came together to form Himachal Pradesh.
With the State Reorganisation Act 1956, linguistic basis became the benchmark for state creation. As Dr. Ambedkar clarified, one language one state should be the rule & also Ambedkar put two crores as a viable population size for Administration.
Why Divide ?
India is a one of the largest territory in the world. Couple of Indian states are larger then few countries. It is not possible to taken care centrally so we divided into states but on language basis. Since long time it is seen that ‘Big’ states are not caring all factors of ‘Governance’ & ‘Development’ properly & unable to utilize its all resources compare to small states.
GOVERNANCE
Big states faces problem with Governances i.e.
q Law & Order is poor & not implemented all over
q Administration is not proper throughout the state
q Less Judiciary &
q Low Legislation.
DEVELOPMENT
q It is not possible to taken care properly every aspect
(Agriculture, Health,Industry, Employment, Education, Infrastructure, Environment)
throughout state by a single govt. of a bigger state.
q Mostly interior area remains undeveloped.
q There is always a high chance of improper/ misuse of resources, funds
q Possibility of scam is high.
SMALL STATE
Gets better accessibility of funds & govt. schemes which is not happening in large state.
There are some outcome of division like Punjab, Haryana, H.P, Uttrakhand, Gujarat where they have grown faster then their parent state.
Time period 1993-94 to 2000-01 and 2001-02 to 2008-09
q All the smaller states (Jharkhand, Uttarakhand, and Chhattisgarh) growth rates increased by a range of 4 to 6 percentage points post reorganisation, far higher than the 2 percentage point for India as a whole.
q UP and Bihar have also had significant increases in growth rates (about 3 and 3.7 percentage points respectively).
The increase in growth rates of Uttarakhand, Jharkhand and Chhattisgarh is due to the fact that the new administrations in these states better focus on the issues of relevance for them.
After division some common factor seen in Bihar, Jharkhand, U.P, Uttrakhand, M.P, & Chhattisgarh are:
Increase trend in State GDP
Better Heath condition
More Industrialization
More Employment
Better Education system & literacy rate.
Better Infrastructure
Focused Administration
Improved Law & order
Decrease in crime rate
Increase in per capita income even border area of those state.
All information signify that small state is growing faster then big one. There is nothing wrong in creating a new state dividing the big one for the development & better governance of the area and people if there is consent from all corners and people will definitely welcome it happily.
The separation of the state is not a problem for our country, but the issue is if it is separated then it has to be run by a able leader and the politicians must not take mileage out of the feelings of the people. The people of India are now smart enough to understand that.
